All posts by Gary C. Woodward

The Jersey Drones as Social Contagion

What were we seeing in the winter sky?

Are my fellow New Jersey residents an especially excitable lot? In 1938 “The War of the Worlds” was broadcast on CBS radio  as part of Orson Welles’ Mercury Theatre radio series.  The H. G. Wells novel on which the play was based includes aliens landing near tiny Grover’s Mill New Jersey.  Who knew then that they actually “landed” in Welles” studio? The fake news reports that followed set off a panic in some mid-Jersey households.  No doubt about it; we will ready when “they” come.

Pardon the pun, but the question still hangs in the air because of the recent spate of ostensible drone sightings across the northern part of the state. What were we seeing in the winter night sky, beyond the usual raft of planes flying into the five airfields in the region?

The event could raise a tantalizing question: were unknown groups doing reconnaissance on some of the military sites scattered throughout the state? And if new technologies were being tested by the American military, why did official sources swear that there was nothing to see?

             Flights in the air at one time over southwestern Europe

The question fed a lot of theories suggesting a conspiracy. The best was from a member of New Jersey’s congressional delegation who claimed to have it on good authority that the drones were sent from an Iranian “mothership” somewhere beyond the state’s boardwalks.

To be sure, there is a lot of traffic over busy parts of the world. Yet the most intriguing reports suggested drones that hovered rather than moved through the air.  Obviously, traditional aircraft need both speed and direction to remain airborne. The only aircraft that can remain in one spot relative to the ground are helicopters and  the forever-troubled Boeing Osprey. Even high-altitude balloons move with the winds of the atmosphere.

No doubt about it; New Jersey will ready when “they” come.

It became a national obsession to ask what New Jersey residents were seeing or perhaps smoking. Complicating the question was the fact that no drones seemed to have fallen to earth, and no military site facility was compelled to scramble fighters to shoot down intruders. Most puzzling, many supposed drones carried functioning FAA-regulation warning lights: hardly what we would expect from a stealth operation.

                                    Dan Misdea

At his writing, most Americans seem to have made peace with the alleged sightings, sometimes caulking them off to residents that seem just as excitable as your Uncle Fred. Then, too, maybe this was  an extended case of social contagion.

Social contagion is a state of collective awareness that chains through a population, increasing the number of duplicate reactions. Sonic guns in Havana? Maybe the same cause: social contagion fanning out to various diplomats after American embassy personnel first complained of headaches in 2017. Most were aware that years ago the Soviets tried to disrupt embassy operations in the past using some sort of powerful sonic gun. There a growing and shared perception that individual maladies were coming from the same cause. Rather than reaching a purely personal conclusion, a report of feeling unwell can trigger additional cases: a result of unconscious but essentially sympathetic responses in others. That was my conclusion as well, after researching these episodes for a number of years. It is no indictment of human intelligence that we tend to notice what we can name.

All of this fits neatly together. We are also reasonably good at fooling ourselves. And, whatever else can be said, there are lots of objects in the night sky. Perhaps most are airplanes that may appear to hover because we are seeing them from one end of the invisible line they are following.

This would all work for me if I had not “seen” what appeared to be two hovering drones near my home. The location relative to my house was several miles away. Both were barely above the horizon, each with a red light, hovering next to each other, but seemingly stationary in relation to the ground. They seemed to be over woods that would seem to offer no reason to pause, except for a buried high pressure gas line that runs through into the New York metropolitan area. My attention was initially drawn to the sound of something flying overhead. This is what drew me to the window to look. The best connect-the-dots explanation was that some drones were looking for the killer of the United Healthcare CEO killed a few days earlier in New York. I had this narrative all ready to go. Even so, if you look long enough, the presence of so many tiny specks of light in the night sky can feed a range of explanations.

red bar

When Recognition Counts More Than Integrity

Our consumer culture focused on marketing comes with a shift in our attention toward the presentational image, and away from thoughtful character assessment.

We may be entering a time when it makes more sense to chronicle what has been lost rather than gained. This seems to be the case in the slow but persistent decline in the assessment of personal character and the concurrent rise in the culture’s devotion to celebrity. These features are of a somewhat different nature, but there are benefits to pairing them.

Traits of good character haven’t changed much. The values of honesty, integrity and empathy will not disappear. But they are not on the surface of the culture in our era of communication through imagery. In the case of our culture of celebrity, it is now so tangible it can overwhelm us, making the display of aspirational success a feature of everyday life. In simple terms, integrity as a value has been obscured by the quest for notoriety.

Our media has shifted to being more about the presentation than description, more about recognition than sustained and unpublicized accomplishment. We want images that display “success” rather than discursive content that invites assessment. The difference is evident in the awareness and acknowledgement of the basic decency one friend over the invitation for envy in the self-display another sends in the form of an image in an online post.  The first is more genuine and cerebral; the second carries characteristics of display that moves it closer to becoming a “brand.” These pathways are different, but the second is now a dominant narrative of validation tied to the American lexicon of marketing. What “looks good” can be better than being good.

                            Trump Men’s Cologne

By definition, a celebrity is someone who is known for being well known, even when the achievements of that person may be quite modest. The next step in this chain of public recognition is endowing a person with a public persona that can be branded, meaning widely recognized and probably monetized. Advertising frequently seeks to personalize things, turning anything from sunglasses to coffee machines into signifiers attached to a person to be emulated. In short, products are often sold as celebrity stand-ins. We see signature shoes, and athletic gear in the context of endorsements. A person “known for” their curated persona creates their own force field of attention. Branding depends on this tenuous association factor, attracting scores of emulators. Niccolò Machiavelli’s famous observation about the nature of a public self could be the mantra of a self-publicist: “Everyone sees what you seem to be, few know what you really are; and those few do not dare take a stand against the general opinion.”  If nothing else, Donald Trump has nurtured a brand based on obvious memes of wealth and business acumen. Indeed, a person could fill a Dollar Store with his overpriced merch offering ersatz symbols of affluence: shoes, perfume, ties, steaks, lapel pins, bibles, etc. etc. They are enough to capture voters who want to demonstrate their allegiance by owning some of “his” totems of ersatz prestige. With more effort, a reader with a livelier mind can also discover his habit of stiffing contractors, off-loading debt and declaring bankruptcies in his casino businesses. But this record is obviously not part of the brand that he has successfully promoted to the public.

short black line

The more one consumes impressions through the branding mechanisms of the marketplace, less attention is will be paid to character.

Here is the challenge our culture faces. Too often our distractions leave us with only enough time to carry away impressions rather than deeper understandings. What has changed over the generations is the ascendance of the imagery of marketing as a tool for shifting our attention away from personal merit and, with it, creating less space to exercise the language and critical applications of character assessment. A preoccupation with cultural products attached to public figures leaves diminished energy for the work of judging others on their authentic achievements.

                              Aristotle

Classically, the guiding principle for assessing a person’s value to society was in understanding these clearly roadsigned merits. What useful talents do they possess that furthers opportunities of others? How well can they distinguish between what is best for many rather than just oneself? Do they know what excellence looks like? Is there a solid moral core that shapes their efforts to achieve it? Do they have a level of judgment we would want for our own children? These are the kinds of foundational questions thought leaders like Plato and Aristotle, or John Locke and Thomas Jefferson pondered. All would have been comfortable assessing a person’s character in terms of their evident knowledge, generosity to others, and what we know today as “social intelligence.” Their understandings of human potential were far more subtle than our culture-wide retreat towards self-interested promotion.

In our current culture of appearances we have left most of these kinds of questions on the table, replacing them with impressions built more on recognition than merit. Branding mechanisms of the marketplace may conceal who is truly a figure worthy of emulation.